List of record labels

List of record labels

The Amazing Kornyfone Record Label. Ambiances Magnétiques. American International Records. American Recordings (record label) Amiga (record label) Anchor Records. Angel Air Records. Anova Music. Anthem Records. Fool’s Gold Records is an independent record label based in Brooklyn, New York. Founded in 2007 by DJs A-Trak and Nick Catchdubs, the label has become known for its eclectic roster of artists and releases that span various genres, including hip-hop, electronic, and indie rock. Some of the label’s most notable artists include Danny Brown ... Fool’s Gold Records is an independent record label based in Brooklyn, New York. Founded in 2007 by DJs A-Trak and Nick Catchdubs, the label has become known for its eclectic roster of artists and releases that span various genres, including hip-hop, electronic, and indie rock. Some of the label’s most notable artists include Danny Brown ... EMI Classics · Universal Classics - Universal Germany, Universal France · Argo (downloads); Decca · Deutsche Grammophon · Philips Classics · Sony...Jun 8, 2017 · Jamie Lewis has been nominated twice for the House Music Awards in the UK. Artists currently signed to the label include Dario D'Attis, Souldynamic, Roberto De Carlo, Kemal, Anthony Romeno and more. Over the past 10 years the label has also featured Kings of Tomorrow, Sandy Rivera, Bob Sinclar and Dimitri From Paris.Category. : Malaysian record labels. This category page lists notable record labels who registered with the Public Performance Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. (PPM), Recording Industry Association of Malaysia (RIM). To find a record label, see ppm.org.my, rim.org.my.Find more than 500 record labels operating globally in this comprehensive directory. Browse by country and genre, and visit the official websites of the labels …May 24, 2022 · In a typical deal, the production house will pay the recording costs and then approach record labels to find a licensing deal for the artist (see above). These deals can be harsh on musicians, with production houses usually demanding a 50/50 split on all recording income. 360 deal. A 360 deal entitles the record company to earn money from all ...Pages in category "Australian record labels" The following 42 pages are in this category, out of 42 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. A. Albert Music; Anti Fade Records; B. Black Market Music (record label) Bloodlines (record label) BMG Music Australia; C. Century Records;The 60s and 70s brought with them the rise of a new kind of record label, with new independents such as Richard Branson’s Virgin and Chris Blackwell’s Island able to offer the sort of kinship ...Become completely organized at home and work when you label items using a label maker. From basic handheld devices to those intended for industrial use, there are numerous units fr...Submit HERE. 2. Monstercat. Monstercat is a Canadian independent electronic dance music record label founded in 2011. Several high profile DJs and artists have released music under this label, such …Lists of record labels in Ghana cover record labels associated with marketing of music recordings and music videos. [1] [2] The list is organized by name, founder and signed artists. NameJul 26, 2017 · Year founded: 1984 Notable artists/releases: James Blake, Nicolas Jaar, Paul White R&S may be one of the oldest indie labels on this list, but it hasn’t yet lost its sense for groundbreaking ... Dec 23, 2021 · 2021 saw Mexico City’s Infinite Machine celebrating its tenth year of pushing barriers and redefining club music. Earlier this month it released a club-focused decade anniversary compilation, which features contributions from Galtier, Laughing Ears, YILAN, Renslink, Ma Sha Ru, Xiao Quan, Benfika and Daniel Ruane.Dec 18, 2019 · Here’s our latest list of record labels, giving you names, phone numbers, web info and roster details of majors and indies who actively seek new artists for their companies. All 2020 updates have been supplied by the listees. COMPILED BY DENISE COSO January 2020 musicconnection.com January 2020 musicconnection.com 00:02:59 LLC P.O. Box …C. Caribbean music record labels ‎ (1 P) Children's record labels ‎ (8 P) Christian record labels ‎ (6 C, 86 P) Classical music record labels ‎ (1 C, 241 P) Comedy …Pages in category "Record labels based in Florida". The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total.The Rolling Stones, Tina Turner, Kylie Minogue, Quincy Jones, Nena, Morrissey, Lenny Kravitz. BMG Rights Management is the fourth big player in the worldwide record industry market. Unlike most labels on the list, it was never acquired by one of the big three. Instead, it’s solely owned by the Bertelsmann Music Group.Fortunately, there are a number of record labels in Spain that specialize in working with independent artists, providing them with the resources they need to grow their careers. Below is a list of record labels in Spain that independent artists can contact directly to explore potential collaborations, promotions, and distribution deals.From Death Row to Bad Boy, Def Jam to No Limit, Cash Money to Top Dawg, here are the top 15 greatest rap record labels of all time. 15. GOOD Music. Years active: 2004 – present. Key artists on the roster (past and present): Kanye West, Pusha T, Common, Big Sean, Kid Cudi, Consequence. Founded in 2004 by Kanye West shortly … Record production portal; List of electronic music record labels; List of independent UK record labels; List of record labels in Pakistan; External links. 45cat.com - record labels listed by country; discogs.com - searchable by label Understanding carpet labels can be tricky. Visit HowStuffWorks to learn about 10 tips for understanding carpet labels. Advertisement New carpet is one of the most striking and impr...Having scoured the internet for the best record shops to follow on Instagram and scrolled ’til our fingers bled in search of the internet’s best ‘gramming collectors – we wouldn’t dare exclude one of our staples: record labels.. Words: Michael Wilkin It’s pure gold to be able to get first-hand insight into the life and times of some of the world’s most …Category. : Malaysian record labels. This category page lists notable record labels who registered with the Public Performance Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. (PPM), Recording Industry Association of Malaysia (RIM). To find a record label, see ppm.org.my, rim.org.my.The top parent record labels now include: Warner Music Group; Universal Music Group; EMI; Sony Music Entertainment (SME) Of course, indie labels are a whole … This is a list of notable record labels, starting with A–H. List of record labels A–H: I–Q: R–Z: 0–9: A. A Different Drum; A Dark Philosophy Records ... Search for them in the local papers, or local music blogs, and make contact. Invite them to lunch, or to your studio (or to the studio you like to use), and keep in touch with them. 5. Meet the engineers. Find the local recording studios in your area, and visit them. Here’s our latest list of record labels, giving you names, phone numbers, web info and roster details of majors and indies who actively seek new artists for their companies. All 2020 updates have been supplied by the listees. COMPILED BY DENISE COSO January 2020 musicconnection.com January 2020 musicconnection.com 00:02:59 LLC P.O. Box 1251 This is a list of notable record labels, starting with R–Z. List of record labels A–H: I–Q: R–Z: 0–9: R. R&S Records; Rabid Records; Racetrack Records; Radar Records; Radiant Future Records; Radiex Records; Radikal Records; Radioactive Records; Ragged Flag; Ragnarock; Rainbow Records; Rainy Day Records;May 14, 2023 ... Creation · Factory · Rough Trade · XL Recordings · Mute · Domino · Sub Pop · Transgressive.May 19, 2017 · The American record label has signed some of the world’s top earning artists such as James Blunt, David Guetta, Bruno Mars, Kelly Clarkson, Wiz Khalifa, Charlie Puth, Skrillex, Marina and the ...Submit Music to A&R. Submitting music to A&R has become easier than ever with the assistance of AVENUEAR. It is important to note that most record labels do not accept unsolicited material, which makes AVENUEAR a valuable resource for those seeking to share their music. By utilizing our service, you can ensure that your music is being …Records Labels Do Marketing & Promotion. Again, because labels are well connected, they can help you reach a worldwide audience quickly. This tends to go hand in hand with funding, as this is …Recorded Music. Our Recorded Music arm includes many of the world’s most visionary artists and labels – from emerging local talent to international superstars, from start-up indies to iconic majors such as Atlantic, 300 Elektra Entertainment, Parlophone, and Warner Records. Our rich catalog boasts some of the most influential recordings in ...In exchange for these services, labels sign record deals with artists, entitling the record company to recoup their expenses, offset overhead costs and share in profits generated by the recording. Types of record deals. Record deals come in many shapes and forms, each signifying a different level of commitment on the part of the …Labels · A Remarkable Idea · A-List Music · A-List Records · Abbey Road Masters · Access Music · AFROSONIC · Airplay · Analo...Dec 4, 2023 · This is a list of notable record labels. Due to the large number of entries, the list has been divided by the first character of the label's name: AllRecordLabels.com very extensive site with links to over 22,000 current record labelsFeb 6, 2024 · This is a list of notable record labels starting with numbers. Characters +1 Records-ismist Recordings; 0–9. 1-2-3-4 Go! Records; 2.13.61; 2 Tone Records; 3 Beat Records; 3CG Records; 3D Vision Records; 4AD; 4 Star Records; 5 Minute Walk; 5 Rue Christine; 7th Magnitude; 8bitpeoples; 12 Tónar; 12k; 13th Planet Records ...The Amazing Kornyfone Record Label; American Dust; American Laundromat Records; American Modern Recordings; American Music Records; Amherst … A hand-picked, curated list of vendors, attorneys, publicists, and platforms for independent record labels. These are all friends of Other Record Labels and I highly recommend you reach out to these folks with your specific record label needs! Clive Davis (1932–), former president of Columbia Records, founder of Arista Records, Inc. and J Records; Ron Fair, former president of record labels A&M, Geffen, Virgin and senior artists and repertoire executive at RCA, Chrysalis, EMI; Leo Feist (1869–1930), founder of music publishing firm Leo Feist, Inc.Columbia Records. Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, the North American division of Japanese …Jan 25, 2018 · Kalawa Jazmee. Kalawa Jazmee (“KJ Records”) is an independent South African label that was instrumental in the development of the musical style now known as “Kwaito”. Originally formed in 1992 & first called Kalawa, it went on to sign acts such as Boom Shaka, with their debut album It’s About Time released in 1993.EMI Records is a British record label that was founded in 1931 and is now owned by Universal Music Group. It is one of the world’s largest record labels, with a roster of artists that includes the likes of The Beatles, Coldplay, Katy Perry, Pink Floyd, and many more. The label is known for its pioneering work in the pop and rock music genres ...Toolroom Records. From its HQ in Maidstone, England, Toolroom Records sets the standard as one of the most respected dance labels in the ... EDM and Electronic Music Record Labels list. Dubstep, Trance, Techno, House, Electro, Glitch, Drum and Bass, and more EDM and electronic music on TheUntz.com.Record Labels and Studios · Acapela / Kissan · Anhrefn · Ankst Musik · Aran · Byd Bobs · Cerddoriaeth Cyfryngau Cymreig · Crai &mid...Mar 29, 2023 · 7. Damaged Goods. Damaged Goods tick all the cooler-than-you boxes, having been founded in the heady, restless East London of 1988. Their status and cachet have held strong in the ensuing decades, and in 2010 BBC named them DIY Label of the week, confirming and expanding their bedroom-born brand of cool.Recorded Music. Our Recorded Music arm includes many of the world’s most visionary artists and labels – from emerging local talent to international superstars, from start-up indies to iconic majors such as Atlantic, 300 Elektra Entertainment, Parlophone, and Warner Records. Our rich catalog boasts some of the most influential recordings in ...Records Labels Do Marketing & Promotion. Again, because labels are well connected, they can help you reach a worldwide audience quickly. This tends to go hand in hand with funding, as this is …If you're memorable or not. We've put together 400+ record label ideas, provide you with a step-by-step guide on how to name your business and give real-world examples of how other founders came up with the name of their business. Additionally, we provide you with a free business name generator with an instant domain availability check …NB: Artistes managers play sub-management roles whiles record labels sees to the overall well-being of the business. List of record labels in Ghana. Zylofon media; Zylofon media is one of the popular record labels in Ghana at the moment. This label rose to the limelight when the dancehall king Shatta Wale was signed. Prior to that, …May 19, 2017 · The American record label has signed some of the world’s top earning artists such as James Blunt, David Guetta, Bruno Mars, Kelly Clarkson, Wiz Khalifa, Charlie Puth, Skrillex, Marina and the ...Record labels based in California · Capitol Records · Hollywood Records · MGM Records · Motown · Walt Disney Records · MCA Records ·...Music Labels In The Philippines Vol.1 ; 2001. Alpha Music Corporation Alpha Music Corporation ; Early 1980s. Blacksheep Records Manila Blacksheep Records Manila Warner Music Group has been through many highs and lows in its history as major corporations have owned the company over the years. Warner Music Group retains a 16% market share of the music industry with revenues of over $4.4 Billion dollars. Some well-known artists under this label include: The Doors, Pink Floyd, Led Zeppelin, Madonna, Wilco ... May 14, 2023 ... Creation · Factory · Rough Trade · XL Recordings · Mute · Domino · Sub Pop · Transgressive.. This is a list of notable record labels from Quebec. This list of songs or music-related items is incomplete ; you can help by adding missing items . ( October 2021 )Having scoured the internet for the best record shops to follow on Instagram and scrolled ’til our fingers bled in search of the internet’s best ‘gramming collectors – we wouldn’t dare exclude one of our staples: record labels.. Words: Michael Wilkin It’s pure gold to be able to get first-hand insight into the life and times of some of the world’s most … Wu-Tang Records. A label that existed in the mid 1990s. Although never publicly stated, it is believed that RZA was the CEO. The only known acts on the label were Shyheim, Wu-Syndicate, Killarmy, and Sunz of Man. The current situation of the label is unknown. [1] It was distributed by Priority / EMI Records. Sep 2, 2017 · Moreover, four of our survey’s top labels were jazz oriented (we know a lot of jazz lovers). “The easy answer would be (and still could be) Blue Note, but that ignores the first 20 years. ECM ...The Crossword Solver found 30 answers to "UK record label", 3 letters crossword clue. The Crossword Solver finds answers to classic crosswords and cryptic crossword puzzles. Enter the length or pattern for better results. Click the answer to find similar crossword clues . Enter a Crossword Clue.This is a list of record labels from Japan. Subcategories. This category has the following 18 subcategories, out of 18 total. Japanese independent record labels‎ ...Apr 27, 2018 ... 20th Century · A&M Records · ABC · ABC Paramount · Ace · Apple · Arista · Asylum. Here’s our latest list of record labels, giving you names, phone numbers, web info and roster details of majors and indies who actively seek new artists for their companies. All 2020 updates have been supplied by the listees. COMPILED BY DENISE COSO January 2020 musicconnection.com January 2020 musicconnection.com 00:02:59 LLC P.O. Box 1251 Are you tired of spending hours hand-writing addresses on envelopes? Do you find yourself constantly making mistakes or struggling to keep your mailing lists organized? If so, it’s... Included are contacts, emails, phone number, and links to the record label websites. For a very comprehensive list of record label A&R Executives, which includes the names of each record company’s A&R execs, producers and staff (plus direct phone & fax numbers and e-mail addresses), we highly recommend the A&R Registry, which is a compiled ... Start Here: 1. Are you a Musician/Performer or are you just looking for a career in the Music Business? I am a musician or performer. Learn why the Big 3 labels, Universal Music Group, Warner Music Group, and Sony Music, account for 80% of the recorded music industry. Liberation Music. Liberation Music is a boutique, independent Australian record company, started in 1999 by Michael Gudinski and Warren Costello, based in Melbourne. Its stated aim is to find, nurture and then to develop new talent for a world market while remaining independent in the process. You can visit Liberation Music official website ...5. Infinity Cat. Dismantling all of the preconceptions you have of Nashville is the quirky, downtempo record label Infinity Cat. As we’ve insinuated oh so subtly, Nashville is not limited to country jams. The indie, slacker-cool, and avant-garde artists that call the city home orbit around the unstudied, effortlessly cool Infinity Cat.May 19, 2017 · The American record label has signed some of the world’s top earning artists such as James Blunt, David Guetta, Bruno Mars, Kelly Clarkson, Wiz Khalifa, Charlie Puth, Skrillex, Marina and the ...This is a list of record labels from Germany. Subcategories. This category has the following 7 subcategories, out of 7 total. D. Defunct record labels of Germany‎ (14 P) Discographies of German record labels‎ (2 P) I. German independent record labels ...Most packaged foods in the U.S. have food labels. The label can help you eat a healthy, balanced, diet. Learn more. All packaged foods and beverages in the U.S. have food labels. T...See list of participating sites @NCIPrevention @NCISymptomMgmt @NCICastle The National Cancer Institute NCI Division of Cancer Prevention DCP Home Contact DCP Policies Disclaimer P...Are you wanting to learn how to print labels? Designing and printing your own labels is simple to do with just a few clicks of your computer mouse. Many PC users don’t realize that...Psychedelic-Woods Records is an independent record label, established 2020 by Maximilian Kraus (Keta Kraus) based in Munich, Germany. Psychedelic-Woods has its roots in the Psytrance scene. The focus is set on deep nighttime frequencies aimed to take the listener on a journey to a higher level of physical and psychological consciousness.Choose a name that fits the type of music you sell. The first thing to do is come up with a label name that you like and that fits with the type of music you are trying to sell. It is never a good idea to start off with a generic, boring name like “Indie” or “Independent”. If you do come up with a cool name, make sure that it is not ...Records Labels Do Marketing & Promotion. Again, because labels are well connected, they can help you reach a worldwide audience quickly. This tends to go hand in hand with funding, as this is …Records Labels Do Marketing & Promotion. Again, because labels are well connected, they can help you reach a worldwide audience quickly. This tends to go hand in hand with funding, as this is …We’ve created and organized this list by categorizing and ranking each record label based on its previous year’s revenue and overall market share. …Reliable and Up-to-date contacts in the entertainment industry. It has been more than 8 years and counting and we have consistently provided vital entertainment industry contacts for music industry professionals, artist/musicians, producers, …2 days ago · 4AD. In 1980, 4AD was founded as an independent record label in Britain. It was originally funded by Beggars Banquet, part of the Beggars Group. Several excellent alt-rock, gothic rock, post-punk, and dream pop artists were released on the label in the 1980s.Learn about the history and music of 25 influential British record labels, from indie to punk to electronic. Find out how they started, who they …Billboard compiles a list of the 40 top record labels based on estimated 2021 revenue, total market share and cultural influence, with analysis of their wins and losses. See how …This is a list of notable East Coast hip hop music record labels . Blacksmith Records, founded in 2005 by Talib Kweli and Cory Smith. Def Jam Recordings, founded in 1983 by Rick Rubin and Russell Simmons. Definitive Jux, founded in 1999 by Jaime "El-P" Meline and Amaechi Uzoigwe. Good Hands Records, founded in 2002 by DJ Truth and Art …Fire Flip Fontana. Food Foundation Music Fourth & Broadway. FRG Records Frontier Records FXU. Gee Street gizeh records Glitterhouse records. Global GRA 591002 Global Underground Go Discs. Gold Suite …Fire Flip Fontana. Food Foundation Music Fourth & Broadway. FRG Records Frontier Records FXU. Gee Street gizeh records Glitterhouse records. Global GRA 591002 Global Underground Go Discs. Gold Suite …DropTrack helps independent musicians and record labels promote their music. We get your music heard by industry influencers including global DJs, playlist curators, bloggers, record labels, radio stations, and music supervisors. DropTrack provides real-time feedback and analytics on who listened to your music, when and where. Warner Music Group has been through many highs and lows in its history as major corporations have owned the company over the years. Warner Music Group retains a 16% market share of the music industry with revenues of over $4.4 Billion dollars. Some well-known artists under this label include: The Doors, Pink Floyd, Led Zeppelin, Madonna, Wilco ... Mar 29, 2023 · 7. Damaged Goods. Damaged Goods tick all the cooler-than-you boxes, having been founded in the heady, restless East London of 1988. Their status and cachet have held strong in the ensuing decades, and in 2010 BBC named them DIY Label of the week, confirming and expanding their bedroom-born brand of cool. Toolroom Records. From its HQ in Maidstone, England, Toolroom Records sets the standard as one of the most respected dance labels in the ... EDM and Electronic Music Record Labels list. Dubstep, Trance, Techno, House, Electro, Glitch, Drum and Bass, and more EDM and electronic music on TheUntz.com.Independent record labels from the United Kingdom. Subcategories. This category has the following 20 subcategories, out of 20 total. 0–9. 2 Tone Records‎ (3 C, 4 P) 2Point9 Records‎ (2 C, 1 P) A. All Saints Records‎ (2 C, 1 P) Awakening Music‎ (2 C, 1 …Cash Money Records has been one of the most successful hip hop record labels in history. Founded in 1991 by brothers Bryan and Ronald Williams, the label has had multiple iconic artists such as Lil Wayne, Drake, and Nicki Minaj. This has led to Cash Money being called one of the most iconic and successful rap record labels in rap history.Jobs in record labels. 1. Merchandiser. National average salary: $28,046 per year Primary duties: A merchandiser is responsible for shipping records and other products from musical artists to stores for the purpose of sales. They assist with developing promotions strategies, work with distributors, communicate with retail stores about the ...Pages in category "French record labels" The following 82 pages are in this category, out of 82 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. 0–9. 3D Vision Records; 7th Magnitude; A. AB Disques; Accord (French record label) All …American Recordings (record label) Amos Records; Ampex Records; Amy Records; Angel Records; AnimeTrax; Anodyne Records; Antilles Records; …Learn about the history and impact of 20 influential indie record labels, from Island to Warp, that shaped the music scene from reggae to …Katy Perry discography. American singer Katy Perry has released six studio albums, seven extended plays (EP), 39 singles (including four as featured artist), and 11 promotional singles. According to Recording Industry Association of America, Perry has sold 109.5 million digital singles and 17 million albums in the United States. Beluga Heights Records. Big Beat Records. Big Dada. Big Hit Entertainment. Big Up Entertainment. Billion Headz Music Group. Black Butter Records. Black Jays. Black Kapital Records. Sony Music Entertainment also owns a long list of prestigious record labels, such as Columbia Records, RCA Records, and Epic Records. Warner Music Group (WMG) is the third label group of the Big Three. WMG’s parent company is a privately held multinational industrial group called Access Industries. WMG owns and operates some of the largest ...Find contacts, emails, phone numbers and links to the websites of major and independent record labels in the US, Canada and the UK. Browse the …iPhone/iPad: No matter how many filters, labels, and other tricks you have set up, organizing email is never an easy task. Mail Pilot seeks to make that a bit easier on iOS, and wh...We conducted three polls in 2020 with the goal of identifying the top jazz record labels, the top jazz cities, as well as who our readers would book at their "fantasy" jazz festival. Of the 8,500+ record labels listed in …4AD. In 1980, 4AD was founded as an independent record label in Britain. It was originally funded by Beggars Banquet, part of the Beggars Group. Several excellent alt-rock, gothic rock, post-punk, and dream pop artists were released on the label in the 1980s. The Amazing Kornyfone Record Label. Ambiances Magnétiques. American International Records. American Recordings (record label) Amiga (record label) Anchor Records. Angel Air Records. Anova Music. Anthem Records. 4 days ago · Disclaimer: Without Further Ado, Here Is the Industry Hackerz List of Record Label Contacts: 5 Things You Should Know Before Contacting A Record Label. 1) Do Your Research. 2) Make Sure You Have a Professional-Sounding Demo. 3) Have a Digital Presence. 4) Know Your Numbers. 5) Have Realistic Expectations.Record labels based in California · Capitol Records · Hollywood Records · MGM Records · Motown · Walt Disney Records · MCA Records ·...Dec 19, 2023 ... Dec 21, 2023 - Check out our list of good Record Label Names Ideas that will make your label stand out in the music industry.Arch Hill. Arch Hill Recordings is first and foremost an outlet to support and promote good New Zealand music. Aston Road. Representing Louis Baker and Julia Deans. Atoll Records Ltd. Atoll CDs was established in 1997 to produce classical, historical and contemporary music recordings in New Zealand. August Avenue.OVERVIEW · American Recordings. American Recordings is an independent record label headed by Rick Rubin, the record producer and co-founder of Def Jam Recordings ... Lists of record labels cover record labels, brands or trademarks associated with marketing of music recordings and music videos. The lists are organized alphabetically, by genre, by company and by location. Alphabetical. List of record labels: 0–9; List of record labels: A–H; List of record labels: I–Q The United States Postal Service requests that the address and the return address be listed on the same side of the envelope, with the return address in the upper left hand corner ... Barbadian record labels ‎ (1 P) Belarusian record labels ‎ (2 P) Belgian record labels ‎ (2 C, 23 P) Bhutanese record labels ‎ (1 P) Bosnia and Herzegovina record labels ‎ (2 C, 3 P) Brazilian record labels ‎ (4 C, 12 P) British record labels ‎ (30 C, 452 P) Bulgarian record labels ‎ (2 P) Record Labels Record Labels Universal Music’s Pandora Policy Change Is a Matter of $135M in Annual Artist Royalties By Steve Knopper. 5 hrs ago Record Labels Big Loud Signs With Mercury Records ... ---1