Korean chicken wings recipe

Korean chicken wings recipe

Heat oven to 250 degrees F to keep chicken warm between batches. Heat a heavy bottomed pot with enough oil to cover the wings as they fry, about three inches deep. Heat to 350 degrees F. Place a rack over a sheet pan to collect oil drips. Once the oil is hot, dry the wings with paper towels.After 30 minutes, turn the oven up to 220C/425F (fan), rotate the tray and place it on a higher shelf (higher middle) in the oven for 45-50 minutes until the wings are golden and crispy. Take out of the oven to cool slightly. Place all of the sauce ingredients into a saucepan, stir and bring to the boil.Sep 25, 2020 · 1. In a bowl, place the chicken wings and add rice wine. Mix them well and set aside it for 5 mins. 2. Gently shake off excess liquid from the wings and place them into a clean bowl. (Discard any residual liquid in the bowl from step.1). Add the onion powder, garlic powder, salt, ginger powder, and ground black peppers. Feb 21, 2023 · Preheat air fryer to 400 degrees F (200 degrees C). Place wings in a large bowl and toss with salt, garlic powder, onion powder and black pepper. Add cornstarch and toss wings until fully coated. Shake each wing and place in the air fryer basket, making sure they are not touching; cook in batches if necessary. Feb 28, 2023 · Place the chicken wings in the air-fryer basket in a single layer, leaving some space between each one. If you need to cook in batches, go for it - make sure not to overcrowd the basket. Air-fry for 8 minutes, then carefully flip the wings to the other side and air-fry for another 8 minutes. Whisk cornstarch and water together in a small bowl; stir into sauce. Remove from heat and set aside to cool and thicken. Heat oil in a deep-fryer or large saucepan to 360 degrees F (182 degrees C). Season …Oct 4, 2022 ... How To Make Korean Chicken Wings · Step 1: Salt and · Step 2: Arrange the wings in a single layer in the Ninja air fryer basket. · Step 3: ...Whisk cornstarch and water together in a small bowl; stir into sauce. Remove from heat and set aside to cool and thicken. Heat oil in a deep-fryer or large saucepan to 360 degrees F (182 degrees C). Season chicken wings with lemon-pepper seasoning. Fry chicken wings in batches of 6 to 8 at a time in hot oil until no longer pink at the bone …If you're using an oven, preheat your oven to 425°F and place the chicken wings on wire rack or parchment. Cook for 25 minutes, then flip and cook for an ...Instructions. Adjust your oven rack to the upper-middle position. Preheat oven to 425 degrees F. Line a baking sheet with aluminum foil and place a wire rack (I use a cooling rack) on top. Spray the rack with non-stick spray. Use paper towels to pat the wings dry and place them in a large bowl.Place the chicken wings on a baking sheet (line with parchment paper if desired for easy cleanup). Sprinkle with onion powder, garlic powder, pepper, and salt. Bake for 40-45 minutes until the wings are crispy and starting to brown slightly. While the wings are cooking, make the sauce by combining all the sauce …Prepare The Chicken. Rub a thin layer of avocado oil onto your preheated grill. Combine avocado oil, chili powder, salt, and pepper in a small bowl and set aside. Then, pat the wings dry with paper towels …6. Once the wings have baked for 20 minutes, brush both sides of the wings with the glaze and continue baking for 8 - 10 minutes or until the wings are shiny and sticky and the ends are crispy. 7. Place hot wings on a serving platter and top with sesame seeds, green onions and lime wedges. Baked gluten free crispy Korean chicken wings …Remove and transfer to a large mixing bowl. To Deep Fry: Fill a large pan or large Dutch oven with 2 cups of neutral oil. Heat the oil until it reaches 350 F. Fry the wings for 7-8 minutes until golden crispy brown and cooked internally to 165 F. In small bowl, combine together ingredients for the Korean wings sauce.Korean chicken wings are a popular dish that combines the sweet and savory flavors of Korean cuisine with the crispy texture of fried chicken wings.If you’re a fan of crispy and flavorful chicken wings, then you’re in for a treat. In recent years, the air fryer has become increasingly popular for its ability to cook food with ...Instructions. Preheat oven to 425º F. Place chicken wings into a large zip top bag. Pour 5 teaspoons of Korean Barbecue Sauce over chicken. Close bag and turn from side to side until all chicken wings …Instructions. Preheat oven to 425º F. Place chicken wings into a large zip top bag. Pour 5 teaspoons of Korean Barbecue Sauce over chicken. Close bag and turn from side to side until all chicken wings …Wipe the pan clean of the remaining oil. In the same pan, add Sesame Oil, As the Oil shimmers, add the minced Garlic, Gochujang Paste, Cayenne Pepper, Soy Sauce, Rice Wine Vinegar, Brown Sugar, and Water. Simmer on low heat for 5 minutes until the sauce gets sticky and saucy.With game day just around the corner, it’s time to start thinking about the perfect snack to enjoy while cheering on your favorite team. Look no further than extra crispy air fryer...Lightly spray your rack with non-stick spray. Lay your chicken wings out on the wire rack so that there is plenty of space between them to ensure they cook evenly. Cook wings for 30 minutes then flip your wings …When it comes to making crispy chicken wings, many home cooks have turned to air fryers as a healthier alternative to deep frying. With their ability to cook food with little to no...Aug 12, 2016 ... Instructions · Preheat oven to 425º F. · Place chicken wings into a large zip top bag. · Pour 5 teaspoons of Korean Barbecue Sauce over chicke...Place the chicken wings on a baking sheet (line with parchment paper if desired for easy cleanup). Sprinkle with onion powder, garlic powder, pepper, and salt. Bake for 40-45 minutes until the wings are crispy and starting to brown slightly. While the wings are cooking, make the sauce by combining all the sauce …Prep the oven and baking sheet. Preheat the oven to 250 Fahrenheit (120 Celsius). Line a baking sheet with aluminum foil. Insert a wire rack into the lined baking sheet and brush it with oil to prevent sticking. 2. Prepare chicken wings. Pat dry chicken wings and toss them with baking powder and salt to coat.Jan 26, 2012 · For the sauce. Put diced onion, garlic, and rice wine in a mini blender and process until smooth. In a small saucepan, combine all the sauce ingredients and pour in the onion garlic puree; mix well. Bring the sauce to boil over medium heat until it bubbles up and thickens slightly, about 2-3 minutes. Place the chicken wings on a baking sheet (line with parchment paper if desired for easy cleanup). Sprinkle with onion powder, garlic powder, pepper, and salt. Bake for 40-45 minutes until the wings are crispy and starting to brown slightly. While the wings are cooking, make the sauce by combining all the sauce …thinly sliced scallions and sesame seeds to garnish. 1. Preheat the oven to 400°F. 2. In a large bowl, toss the chicken wings with a few tablespoons of neutral oil and season generously with salt. 3. Then line a baking sheet …Korean Fried Chicken Wings · 4 garlic cloves, grated · 1 -inch piece ginger root, peeled and grated · 4 1/2 tablespoon korean chili paste (gochujang) · ...Instructions. In a large bowl combine honey, soy sauce, ginger, garlic, oil and red chilli flakes. Then add chicken pieces, making sure chicken is fully submerged in the marinade. Cover with a lid or plastic wrap and let it marinate in the refrigerator for at least two hours or overnight. Preheat the oven to 375F/200C.Jul 11, 2019 · Instructions. Preheat oven to 400 degrees. Line a baking sheet with foil and place a cooling rack on top of the foil. Stir together flour, salt, and black pepper. Pat wings dry with paper towels. Brush with oil, then toss in the flour mixture and arrange in a single layer (not touching) on the cooling rack. STEP FOUR: After the wings are cooked, dunk them into the Korean BBQ sauce. Return the wings to the grill or air fryer. On a gas, pellet or charcoal grill, they will be ready in 2-3 minutes. In an air fryer, they’ll be crispy in about 5 minutes. On the Schwank Grill, they’ll be ready in 45-60 seconds.Whether you’re hosting a game night, throwing a backyard barbecue, or simply craving a delicious snack, chicken wings are always a crowd-pleaser. While frying chicken wings is a po...Heat the oil into high heat about 350° F. Add the coated chicken pieces and deep fry for 2-3 mins till chicken turn into cispy golden brown. Remove from oil and set aside. Heat the pan, drizzle a tablespoon of oil and add the chopped garlic. Stir for few seconds with medium heat till the nice smell come out.Sausage and Peppers Sheet Pan Dinner. Trending Recipes. Roasted Baby Potatoes with RosemaryHeat oil in a large cooking pot. (350ºF or use the bread test) Roll wings in starch and deep fry until golden brown then drain. Transfer the chicken to a large stir fry pan or wok over medium to medium high heat, add the sauce, and stir fry until all liquid is gone. Place onto a serving tray and garnish with the green onion and sesame seed.Feb 8, 2024 · Preheat oven and prep pan: Preheat the oven to 250 degrees F, line a baking sheet with foil, and place a wire rack on top. Brush the rack with sesame oil. Coat the wings: Meanwhile, pat chicken wings dry with paper towels and toss them in a large mixing bowl with salt and baking powder. Jul 20, 2020 · Cook until internal temperature reaches 170°F/75°C, usually 50-60 minutes. While the wings cook, make the sauce. Add all the sauce ingredients to a large bowl and combine well. Whisk until smooth. Transfer to a saucepan over medium heat. Bring sauce to simmer before removing from heat and setting aside. What are Korean Gochujang Chicken Wings. Korean Gochujang Chicken Wings in Air Fryer is a spicy Korean chicken wings recipe that calls for air fried wings instead of the stereotypical deep fried ones. They are then coated with a fiery red sauce made with the Korean Chili paste known as Gochujang. This recipe of Chicken …Place your oven rack to the upper third tray. In a large bowl whisk together the soy sauce, sesame oil, vinegar, salt, pepper, chili flakes, Gochujang, honey, garlic, and ginger. Place your wings in the bowl and gently toss/stir to coat all of the wings. Allow to rest for 10 minutes.Keep whisking until sauce is glossy and thicken, about 1 minute. When sauce starts boiling, remove from heat. Add sesame oil and seeds mix well. Set aside right next to oven to keep it warm. Heat broiler to high (500 degrees) and place a wire rack (cooling rack), parchment paper or aluminum foil on a baking pan.Preheat oven to 400 F. In a heated cast-iron or heavy pan on stove, over medium high-heat, brown chicken on all sides, reserving marinade for later. Transfer chicken wings and drumsticks to a shallow roasting pan, pouring sauce over pieces. Put chicken into preheated oven and cook for a total of 40 to 50 minutes.Korean Chicken Wings Recipe. 1. Prep and Bake the Wings: Pat the chicken wings dry with a paper towel to remove as much moisture as possible. Toss them with oil, salt, pepper, garlic powder, and brown sugar until evenly coated. Bake on a wire rack atop a baking sheet for 20 minutes, then flip the wings and bake for another 15-20 minutes until ...Increase the temperature of the oil to around 375F/195C and add the cooked chicken back in, again in batches. Double-fry the chicken wings for around 2 minutes or until golden. Meanwhile, in a large skillet, combine the soy sauce, mirin, oligo syrup, sugar, honey, apple cider vinegar, and garlic powder.Craving some deliciously crispy chicken wings with a unique twist? Look no further than Chinese crispy fried chicken wings. With their irresistible golden brown exterior and juicy,...The Spruce Eats / Leah Maroney. Toss the cornstarch, baking powder, garlic powder, and onion powder in a shallow bowl. Heat up your frying oil in a large heavy-bottomed pot to 350 F. Drain the chicken wings from the marinade, then toss them in the cornstarch mixture. Toss them to coat completely in the mixture.Reserve the marinade in the bowl. Bake the chicken wings in the preheated oven for 10 minutes. Turn the chicken wings on the other side and continue baking for another 10 minutes or until cooked through. Make the sauce: In the meantime, place the remaining marinade into a small saucepan.Preheat oven to 350ºF. Place the chicken wings on a baking sheet and cook in the oven for 35 minutes. In a medium saute pan over medium heat, add the 2 tablespoons of canola oil and the ginger. Cook for 2 minutes. Add the sherry, vinegar, sesame oil, honey, and soy sauce and chili garlic sauce and continue to …Fry the wings - 2nd fryFry at 400 degrees for 7 - 8 minutes. Use the spider to stir a couple times to keep the wings from sticking to each other. Remove wings from the oil with a spider and place on a cooling rack to drain. Finish the Wings Place the wings in a large, steel bowl. Cover with the sauce and toss.Take the chicken out of the fridge. Lift a piece from the buttermilk and allow the excess to drip off. Dredge the chicken in the crispy coating mixture – ensuring it’s fully covered. Place on a tray and repeat until all of the chicken is coated. Once the oil is hot enough, add in 5 or 6 of the chicken tenders.Jun 6, 2022 ... How To Make Korean Chicken Wings · Rub a thin layer of avocado oil onto your preheated grill. · Combine avocado oil, chili powder, salt, and ...Korean recipes made with chicken wings. Honey butter fried chicken. Heoni-beoteo-chikin. Chicken wings are a beloved dish that can be enjoyed in a variety of flavors and spice levels. One of the key factors that make chicken wings so irresistible is the sauce that coat...Nov 7, 2020 · Reserve the marinade in the bowl. Bake the chicken wings in the preheated oven for 10 minutes. Turn the chicken wings on the other side and continue baking for another 10 minutes or until cooked through. Make the sauce: In the meantime, place the remaining marinade into a small saucepan. Learn how to make baked Korean chicken wings with a sweet, spicy and sticky sauce that will have everyone coming back for seconds. …Remove and drain on kitchen paper. Increase the temperature of the oil to 185ºC. Return the chicken to the oil, in batches again, and fry for 6 more minutes, until golden brown and crispy. Remove and drain as before. Reheat the sauce, if necessary, then gently toss with the chicken to coat completely.If you’re a fan of crispy and flavorful chicken wings, then you’re in for a treat. In recent years, the air fryer has become increasingly popular for its ability to cook food with ...Instructions. Preheat the oven to 450 degrees F. Heat up a big pot of boiling water. Season the water with salt, like you would for cooking pasta (taste the water, it should taste a little repulsively salty, like sea water). Boil the chicken wings for 7-8 minutes, then drain well and dry very well with a paper towel.Bake in the oven for 20 minutes. Remove from oven, and turn the wings over. Roast for a further 20 minutes. While the chicken wings are roasting, prepare the sauce. Add all the sauce ingredients together into a small sauce pan, and stir gently whilst heating until combined. Set aside.Preheat the oven to 400° F. Line a large rimmed baking sheet with aluminum foil. Make the Soy Garlic Chicken Sauce. Pat chicken wing drumettes and flats dry with paper towels. If you are starting from full wings, trim the tips off and separate at the joint so you have a flat and a drumette.Instructions. Preheat oven to 425º F. Place chicken wings into a large zip top bag. Pour 5 teaspoons of Korean Barbecue Sauce over chicken. Close bag and turn from side to side until all chicken wings are well coated. Remove chicken wings from bag with tongs and place on a rimmed baking sheet.Soy Garlic Sauce. Make the sauce. In a large skillet, add the soy sauce, honey, brown sugar, minced garlic, grated ginger, water, rice wine, and pepper. Heat on medium-low heat, stirring often until the sauce starts to boil. Mix together the corn starch slurry and add to the sauce mixture.Learn how to make perfectly baked chicken wings with a spicy gochujang sauce. This recipe is easy, addictive, and full of flavour.10. Braised Korean Chicken in Soy Ginger Lemon Sauce (오븐닭 Oven Dak) This braised Korean chicken is so tender, it practically falls apart at the touch. This dish may take a little longer to cook in the oven, but it’s worth every minute. It’s marinated in a simple soy sauce, ginger, and white wine sauce.Remove chicken from marinade and let excess marinade drip off. Add chicken and cook, undisturbed for 3-4 minutes, or until nicely browned on one side. Turn chicken over, cover, and reduce heat to medium. Cook approximately 3-5 more minutes (depending on thickness of chicken), or until chicken is cooked through.Jan 25, 2013 ... In our Korean Chicken Wing recipe, which calls for a blend of Wondra and potato starch, you could use just potato starch, but your wings ...Chicken wings can be reheated using practically any heating means, but for best results, oven reheating is recommended. This is one of the best methods for keeping in the flavor an...Prepare the Wings. Preheat your oven to 450 degrees Fahrenheit. Season the wings with salt and pepper then coat each wing in a very light dusting of cornstarch, shaking off the excess before placing onto a parchment-lined baking sheet. Spray with oil and bake uncovered for 30 minutes. Meanwhile, prepare the sauce.Jul 31, 2016 · Instructions. Mix together all in the ingredients except oil in a bowl or tupperware box so that the mixture coats the wings evenly. Marinade for at least 2 hours in the refrigerator, or for best results, overnight. Line a baking sheet with foil and place the wings equidistant from each other on the sheet. Steps. Combine the chicken wings with the salt and pepper. Set aside while you make the glaze. For the sweet and spicy glaze, place the ingredients in a small saucepan over high heat. Bring to a simmer and cook for about 2 minutes, stirring. Set aside until ready to serve. Step two. Heat air fryer to 350° and place wings in a single layer in air fryer basket, working in batches if needed. Cook wings until juices run clear and they are just starting to brown, 10 to 14 minutes, shaking the basket once during cooking.Preheat oven to 250F/120C (all oven types – standard/convection/fan). Line a baking tray with foil, then place a rack (like a cooling rack) on the foil. Spray the rack with oil spray. Place wings in a large bowl or in a ziplock bag. Add the baking powder and salt, then toss to coat evenly.Cook the wings in batches to prevent overcrowding. Cook for about 5 minutes per side, until the wings are browned. Remove the wings to a wire rack to drain. When all of the wings have been fried, reheat the oil to 350°F. Deep fry the wings a second time until golden brown, about 30 seconds per side.Jul 20, 2020 · Cook until internal temperature reaches 170°F/75°C, usually 50-60 minutes. While the wings cook, make the sauce. Add all the sauce ingredients to a large bowl and combine well. Whisk until smooth. Transfer to a saucepan over medium heat. Bring sauce to simmer before removing from heat and setting aside. 2 lbs chicken wings · 2 cloves garlic crushed · 2 tsp ginger grated · 1 tbsp gochugaru korean chili flakes · 1 tsp sesame oil · 2 tbsp fish sauce...Sep 1, 2023 · Preheat the oven to 220C/450F. Spread the chicken wings on a baking sheet, reserving the rest of the marinade for later. Bake for 15 minutes. Flip the chicken and cook for another 10 minutes. Remove the chicken wings from the oven and baste them with the remaining marinade. Preheat the oven to 400° F. Line a large rimmed baking sheet with aluminum foil. Make the Soy Garlic Chicken Sauce. Pat chicken wing drumettes and flats dry with paper towels. If you are starting from full wings, trim the tips off and separate at the joint so you have a flat and a drumette.Instructions. Add raw chicken wings to a large ziploc bag. In a small bowl, whisk together chili pepper paste, brown sugar, soy sauce, water, sesame oil, rice wine vinegar, garlic, ginger, salt, and pepper until combined. Add the marinade to the wings and seal the bag. Let sit in the refrigerator for at least 1 hour.Jan 26, 2014 · The full recipe is on my website: http://www.maangchi.com/recipe/easy-dakgangjeongThis crispy, crunchy, spicy Korean fried chicken is incredibly delicious! Y... If you're using an oven, preheat your oven to 425°F and place the chicken wings on wire rack or parchment. Cook for 25 minutes, then flip and cook for an ...Preheat oven and prep pan: Preheat the oven to 250 degrees F, line a baking sheet with foil, and place a wire rack on top. Brush the rack with sesame oil. Coat the wings: Meanwhile, pat chicken wings dry with …thinly sliced scallions and sesame seeds to garnish. 1. Preheat the oven to 400°F. 2. In a large bowl, toss the chicken wings with a few tablespoons of neutral oil and season generously with salt. 3. Then line a baking sheet …If you’re a fan of spicy chicken wings, then you’ve probably come across the classic buffalo wing sauce. This tangy and fiery sauce is a staple in sports bars and game-day gatherin...Place your oven rack to the upper third tray. In a large bowl whisk together the soy sauce, sesame oil, vinegar, salt, pepper, chili flakes, Gochujang, honey, garlic, and ginger. Place your wings in the bowl and gently toss/stir to coat all of the wings. Allow to rest for 10 minutes.Add the soy sauce, Gochujang chili paste. honey, garlic, and ginger to a bowl and whisk until evenly combined. Add a few spoonfuls (almost half) of the sauce to the bag with the chicken wings and massage the bag until evenly mixed, Marinate 1 hour or overnight in the fridge. Place the chicken wings in a smoker set to 250 degrees for two …Aug 30, 2023 · Directions. Combine 2 teaspoons kosher salt, 1/4 cup cornstarch, and 1/2 teaspoon baking powder in a large bowl and whisk until homogenous. Add chicken wings and toss until every surface is coated. Transfer wings to a wire rack set in a rimmed baking sheet, shaking vigorously as you go to get rid of excess coating. Step 4 – Korean BBQ Glaze: Add all of the Korean BBQ sauce ingredients together to a medium saucepan. Simmer until thickened to the consistency of barbecue sauce, about 5-7 minutes. Step 5 – Coat: Remove chicken from oven and add to large bowl. Remove ¼ cup of the sauce/glaze to a serving bowl. 1. In a large bowl, place the chopped chicken and add rice wine, onion powder, garlic powder, salt, ginger powder, and ground black pepper. Combine them well. Set aside. 2. Place the corn starch in a large bowl. Dredge the seasoned chicken pieces in the corn starch and evenly coat them. 3.Heat the oil into high heat about 350° F. Add the coated chicken pieces and deep fry for 2-3 mins till chicken turn into cispy golden brown. Remove from oil and set aside. Heat the pan, drizzle a tablespoon of oil and add the chopped garlic. Stir for few seconds with medium heat till the nice smell come out.Instructions. Add raw chicken wings to a large ziploc bag. In a small bowl, whisk together chili pepper paste, brown sugar, soy sauce, water, sesame oil, rice wine vinegar, garlic, ginger, salt, and pepper until combined. Add the marinade to the wings and seal the bag. Let sit in the refrigerator for at least 1 hour.Step 3. Bring garlic, ginger, soy sauce, gochujang, brown sugar, lemon, honey, wine, vinegar, and pepper to a boil in a medium saucepan over medium-high heat; reduce heat, and simmer, stirring ...Wipe the pan clean of the remaining oil. In the same pan, add Sesame Oil, As the Oil shimmers, add the minced Garlic, Gochujang Paste, Cayenne Pepper, Soy Sauce, Rice Wine Vinegar, Brown Sugar, and Water. Simmer on low heat for 5 minutes until the sauce gets sticky and saucy.Brush or spray each wing lightly with Canola Oil. Using a mesh strainer, lightly coat each wing with the cornstarch, salt, and pepper mixture. Place the coated wings on a parchment lined sheet and either air fry for 15 minutes at 400°F, then flip for another 5 minutes.May 20, 2023 · Learn how to make crispy and flavorful Korean chicken wings with a simple and easy gochujang-based sauce. This recipe shows you how to coat the wings with the sauce while they are hot, and serve them with green onions or sesame seeds for extra crunch and color. Jul 20, 2020 · Cook until internal temperature reaches 170°F/75°C, usually 50-60 minutes. While the wings cook, make the sauce. Add all the sauce ingredients to a large bowl and combine well. Whisk until smooth. Transfer to a saucepan over medium heat. Bring sauce to simmer before removing from heat and setting aside. Toss the wings with a little neutral oil to keep them from sticking. Step 2. Heat a charcoal or gas grill; the fire should be moderately hot and the rack 4 to 6 inches from the heat. Leave one side of the grill cooler for indirect cooking. Step …If you're using an oven, preheat your oven to 425°F and place the chicken wings on wire rack or parchment. Cook for 25 minutes, then flip and cook for an ...Cover or seal the container or bag and efrigerate for 2-4 hours (or up to overnight) to marinate the chicken. When ready to cook the chicken wings, heat oven to 350 degrees. Line a baking sheet with parchment papper, then arrange the wings in a single layer on the baking sheet, pouring any extra marinade on top of the wings.Spread out on a rack set over a roasting tin and refrigerate, uncovered, for at least 30 minutes. Meanwhile, make the sauce. Heat the oil in a small frying pan and cook the garlic and ginger until ...Adjust oven rack to upper-middle position and preheat oven to 450°F (230°C). Add chicken wings and cook for 20 minutes. Flip wings and continue to cook until crisp and golden brown, 15 to 30 minutes longer, flipping a few more times towards the end. Serious Eats / Mariel De La Cruz.Feb 28, 2023 · Place the chicken wings in the air-fryer basket in a single layer, leaving some space between each one. If you need to cook in batches, go for it - make sure not to overcrowd the basket. Air-fry for 8 minutes, then carefully flip the wings to the other side and air-fry for another 8 minutes. ---1