Becoming a lawyer

Becoming a lawyer

May 3, 2021 · 5. Pass the California Bar Exam. The most demanding and time consuming step to become a lawyer in California is passing the state’s bar exam. The California Bar Exam is a two-day test consisting of five essay questions, one 90-minute performance test, and 200 multiple-choice questions. However, after obtaining your law degree, the requirements of becoming a lawyer will be specific to the province you want to become a lawyer in. This guide focuses on common law requirements and not civil law, which is specific to Quebec. Step-by-Step: How to Become a Lawyer in Canada. Below is the detailed outline of the qualification process ...“Oh, my goodness! There’s been a terrible accident! Call for emergency help!” If you’ve heard those scary words before, then you know what it’s like to be involved in a terrible ac...Steps are given below That Will Help to Become a Lawyer? Matric Exams. Intermediate Exams. Law Admission Test. LLB Degree. Law Graduate …Feb 24, 2020 ... Becoming a lawyer through the process of reading law.This includes a three-year law degree, the SQE assessments and two-years of qualifying legal work experience. Studying a non-law subject for your degree means ...The most common way to become a lawyer in BC is to earn a law degree from a Canadian law school, then complete the Law Society Admission Program, which includes: nine months of articles in a law firm, or other legal workplace, including judicial clerkships; the 10-week Professional Legal Training Course (PLTC); andMar 11, 2024 · As university fees continue to increase, law apprenticeships have become increasingly popular as an option to avoid student debt, with a 40% increase in the number of apprenticeship opportunities made available in 2021. The following legal apprenticeships are currently available: Paralegal apprenticeship. Chartered legal executive apprenticeship.Jul 28, 2023 · 5. English. English is another famous choice for pre-law students, since so much reading and writing is required to perform well in this field. Learning to synthesize a lot of content and becoming sensitive to careful word choice will make you a stronger applicant to law school and a better lawyer down the road. 6.Mar 11, 2024 · As university fees continue to increase, law apprenticeships have become increasingly popular as an option to avoid student debt, with a 40% increase in the number of apprenticeship opportunities made available in 2021. The following legal apprenticeships are currently available: Paralegal apprenticeship. Chartered legal executive apprenticeship.To become a lawyer, you must earn a bachelor’s degree and a J.D. You also need to pass the bar exam to earn licensure in the state where you intend to practice. Can you be a lawyer without...Becoming a lawyer via the university route requires you to complete a qualifying law degree (LLB) before taking the Solicitors Qualifying Examination (SQE), which …Aug 1, 2016 ... 11 steps to becoming a lawyer · Select a major and minor that you like. A pre-law major, political science or history degree can provide a good ...Lawyers must go through special schooling. Before being allowed to practice law in most states, a person usually must: pass a state bar examination, which usually lasts for two or three days; it tests knowledge in selected areas of law and in professional ethics and responsibility; pass a character and fitness review; each applicant for a law ...Becoming a Lawyer. Individuals who wish to be admitted to the Singapore Bar must: Meet all requirements of being a qualified person as defined in the Legal Profession Act read together with the Legal Profession (Qualified Persons) Rules and. Fulfil the other admission requirements set out in Sections 12 and 13 of the Legal Profession Act read ...Nov 15, 2021 · Table of Contents. The path to a career in law (International and UK students) Step #1: Consider whether you want to be a barrister or solicitor. Step #2: Decide on whether you want to study a Bachelor of Laws (BBL), a Bachelor of Arts (BA) or a Bachelor of Science (BSc) in Law. Step #3: Choose the right law school. The Pennsylvania Board of Law Examiners requires that you receive your Bachelor of Laws (LLB) or Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree from an ABA-accredited law school in order to gain membership in the Pennsylvania Bar. This school must be located in the United States, Canada, or any U.S. territories. In Australia, you’ll spend a minimum of four years studying to become a lawyer. You’ll pursue one of two degrees: a 4-year Bachelor of Law degree (LLB) or a combined LLB (5+ years). In New Zealand, an LLB takes four years to complete, and a combined LLB takes five. To get there, however, you must complete the necessary education, experience and exam requirements. This guide covers seven steps to becoming a lawyer. Step 1. Earn a Bachelor’s Degree. Step 2. Take and Pass Law School Admission Test (LSAT) Step 3. Acquire a Juris Doctor (J.D.) at Law School. Step 4.Jun 2, 2017 · Is Being a Lawyer Worth it? 5 Things to Consider About 'America's Unhappiest Job' By Ashley Brooks on 06/02/2017 There’s nothing you love more than settling in at the end of a long workweek with a glass of wine and a rerun of Law and Order. School Fees for Nigerian Law School. The fee for the Nigerian law school is currently pegged at ₦295,000 to be paid once, no instalment allowed. This is a breakdown of the Nigerian Law school fees; Tuition fee is ₦10,000. Accommodation or hostel fee = …Being a lawyer is not, and should not be, simply about earning a high salary. Being a lawyer means understanding that there is a responsibility to serve the public. My dream is to become a lawyer, and one day I will make that dream come true. In the words of Eleanor Roosevelt, “The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their ...Depending on your law profession, it can also be financially rewarding. However, the road to becoming an attorney is not easy. Aside from the academic requirements, you also need a certain set of skills para magtagumpay sa field na ito. If you’re interested to start a career in law, we’ve prepared a quick rundown of the things you …Practising certificates and solicitors outside the jurisdiction. In 2020, the Law Society conducted an in-depth review of the regulatory framework for issuing practising certificates to lawyers based outside of the jurisdiction, and made a number of policy changes affecting Irish-qualified lawyers based outside of the Republic of Ireland.Practising certificates and solicitors outside the jurisdiction. In 2020, the Law Society conducted an in-depth review of the regulatory framework for issuing practising certificates to lawyers based outside of the jurisdiction, and made a number of policy changes affecting Irish-qualified lawyers based outside of the Republic of Ireland.Lawyers become professors, politicians, CEOs, mediators, arbitrators, union leaders, agents, doctors, teachers, and so much more. Getting a law degree is one of the best educations you can get; the possibilities are endless! Read an article on non-practicing lawyers by Canada's National Post newspaper.Qualifications required to become a Lawyer. Being a Lawyer requires the candidate to fulfil certain educational criteria that are mentioned below for your reference, Aspiring candidates must have completed Class 12th board exams with a minimum aggregate of 50% or above in any stream such as science, arts, commerce, humanities, social science, etc. Present: The present route to qualification as a lawyer in the UK requires you to achieve a qualifying law degree. This involves making the right decision about where to study law at university . Once you have achieved your initial legal qualification, you must choose whether you want to complete the Bar Professional Training Course to qualify ... May 7, 2021 · If you’re considering becoming a lawyer in California, here are the 7 steps to doing so: 1 Develop a Study Plan for your Law Apprenticeship, 2 Register with the State Bar, 3 Prepare Required Documents, 4 Tackle the First Year Law Examination, 5 MPRE, 6 Moral Character Application, 7 California Bar Exam. If you would like free resources on how ...A bar council is a professional body that regulates the profession of lawyers. In Pakistan, one becomes a member of the bar after fulfilling certain requirements. The requirements include a valid …According to the American Bar Association, the agent can sign the agent’s name as attorney-in-fact for the represented party. Another alternative for the agent is to sign the repre...Becoming a lawyer via the university route requires you to complete a qualifying law degree (LLB) before taking the Solicitors Qualifying Examination (SQE), which …Sep 2, 2021 · For more up to date information see Canadian law schools 2022/23: Resources if you're considering whether, and where, to become a lawyer.. To assist aspiring lawyers in choosing the right school, Canadian Lawyer has listed all 24 law schools in Canada and has provided their tuition information, notable faculty members, joint degree programs and the …May 19, 2023 · The first step in becoming a lawyer is to graduate from an ABA-accredited law school. This is a crucial step in the process, as only graduates from ABA-accredited law schools are eligible to take the bar exam in most states. Step 2: Passing the Bar Exam. The bar exam is a comprehensive test that assesses a candidate’s knowledge of the law.CAREER PATHWAYS. Looking for the perfect job? Explore our Career Guides! How to Become a Lawyer. By Ajoke Aminu. Published: February …Aug 1, 2016 · Find out about law school requirementsTo get into law school, you need: A four-year college degree (or Ohio’s new 3+3 program, which lets you start law school in what would be your senior year of college); A solid score on the LSAT; The LSAT is scored from 120-180, and an average score is about 150. A score higher than 150 is more likely to ... School Fees for Nigerian Law School. The fee for the Nigerian law school is currently pegged at ₦295,000 to be paid once, no instalment allowed. This is a breakdown of the Nigerian Law school fees; Tuition fee is ₦10,000. Accommodation or hostel fee = …Mar 8, 2024 · 4. The Legal Analyst by Ward Farnsworth. The Legal Analyst by Ward Farnsworth. “The Legal Analyst” by Ward Farnsworth is a highly regarded addition to the collection of books on how to become a lawyer. Farnsworth’s book focuses on the critical skill of legal analysis, providing aspiring lawyers with a toolkit for thinking about the law.Nov 3, 2022 · Becoming a lawyer requires two degrees over seven years at a minimum. A bachelor's degree generally takes four years to earn, and law school takes three years to complete. You can choose to obtain an associate degree …5 days ago · In Scotland: The Faculty of Advocates. There are two branches of the legal profession in the UK: solicitors and barristers (advocates). The basic difference between barristers and solicitors is that a barrister mainly defends people in court and a solicitor mainly performs legal work outside court. However, there are exceptions in both cases.According to the American Bar Association, the agent can sign the agent’s name as attorney-in-fact for the represented party. Another alternative for the agent is to sign the repre...Learn about applying for registration to practice in patent matters before the USPTO, including requirements, forms, and exam information. Applicants may submit an application to become a design patent practitioner as of January 2, 2024. Additional information can be found on the Design Patent Practitioner Flyer. All attorneys and agents practicing before the USPTO in …Feb 24, 2020 ... Becoming a lawyer through the process of reading law.Aug 21, 2022 ... How hard is it to become a lawyer? ... It is pretty hard to become a lawyer. Getting a license to practice law in the U.S. generally requires ...May 3, 2021 · 5. Pass the California Bar Exam. The most demanding and time consuming step to become a lawyer in California is passing the state’s bar exam. The California Bar Exam is a two-day test consisting of five essay questions, one 90-minute performance test, and 200 multiple-choice questions. “Oh, my goodness! There’s been a terrible accident! Call for emergency help!” If you’ve heard those scary words before, then you know what it’s like to be involved in a terrible ac...Jan 31, 2023 · How to Become a Lawyer in India. To become a lawyer in India, one must meet certain educational requirements and pass relevant examinations. Essentially, the following are the steps you must take to enter the legal profession: 1. Complete 10+2 Credentials. For admission to a law school’s bachelor’s programme, you must have …Jan 10, 2023 · To become a lawyer, you typically need a minimum of 5 GCSEs, including level 4 or C grades in maths, English, and science. It is generally recommended that aspiring lawyers have a good foundation in English, mathematics, and a science or social science subject, as these subjects can help develop important skills such as critical …6 days ago · To become a lawyer in United States, one must obtain a law degree from a recognized university or law school. Doctors with a medical background can enroll in a three-year LLB (Bachelor of Laws) program or a five-year integrated BA LLB or BBA LLB program, depending on their preferences and educational qualifications. ...Dec 2, 2020 · Prince Edward Island – $89 419. Ontario – $131 654. Quebec – $89 666. Saskatchewan – $119 587. Yukon – N/A. International students can become certified here in Canada, either through Canadian law education or via education in their home country. Both can lead to the outcome of practicing law here in Canada.How to Become a Lawyer. The traditional route of becoming a lawyer involves obtaining a bachelor’s degree, attending law school, and passing the bar exam. But how do you become a lawyer in a specialized practice area? We cover nine practice areas in this comprehensive guide. How to Become an Immigration Lawyer . Resource. While a …Aug 24, 2023 · In Australia, achieving the distinction of becoming a lawyer requires passing through a strict scholarly pathway and meeting all criteria set by legal entities. Selecting the right subjects during your university studies is integral, as it not only instills knowledge but also cultivates reasoning and analysis skills, establishing a sturdy basis .... Oct 17, 2023 · Embarking on the journey of how to become a lawyer requires dedication and perseverance. To achieve this goal, you need to gain a deep understanding of the legal profession, complete the necessary education, navigate law school successfully, pass the bar exam, and successfully launch your legal career. Mar 10, 2023 · To become a successful lawyer, you need to understand a wide range of technological platforms such as management tools, spreadsheets and billing software. Staying up-to-date with these technological advances can be a hassle for individuals who aren't as technologically savvy. As previously mentioned, the rise in technology can also divert ...1. Complete an approved law degree (LLB or JD) If you haven’t studied before, you’ll need to complete a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree to become a lawyer. If you’ve already completed a degree, you can complete the …Aug 27, 2023 · Becoming a lawyer requires a significant amount of ambition, determination, and drive for success. Dreaming about being a lawyer may suggest that you have these qualities and a strong desire to achieve your goals. Your dream may be an indication that you are willing to work hard and overcome challenges to reach a position of success and influence.Nov 28, 2019 ... In high school, you should start to think about what type of law you want to practice. Start by inquiring about informational interviews or job ...When you sustain or experience an injury, you feel pain or lose income from missing work. Your suffering should be compensated for if there is someone responsible for causing it to...Aug 27, 2023 · Becoming a lawyer requires a significant amount of ambition, determination, and drive for success. Dreaming about being a lawyer may suggest that you have these qualities and a strong desire to achieve your goals. Your dream may be an indication that you are willing to work hard and overcome challenges to reach a position of success and influence.In conclusion, becoming a lawyer in New York is an exciting and rewarding journey that involves overcoming educational, examination, and professional hurdles. With a clear understanding of the process and a commitment to ongoing education, networking, and community involvement, you can navigate the New York legal market and build a …Aug 27, 2023 · Becoming a lawyer requires a significant amount of ambition, determination, and drive for success. Dreaming about being a lawyer may suggest that you have these qualities and a strong desire to achieve your goals. Your dream may be an indication that you are willing to work hard and overcome challenges to reach a position of success and …Nov 23, 2023 · To embark on a career as a lawyer, it typically takes around 5-8 years to become fully qualified. This includes completing higher education, obtaining a graduation degree, and pursuing an LLB. If you opt for a 10+2 route, you can pursue a 5-year integrated LLB program. Here's a detailed overview of the process: Obtain a Bachelor's Degree: The first step to becoming a lawyer is to earn a bachelor's degree from an accredited college or university. While there is no specific undergraduate major required for law school, aspiring lawyers often choose majors that develop critical thinking, writing, and analytical ... Dustin S. McCrary is the founder of the Law Office of Dustin S. McCrary, PLLC based in Statesville, N.C.He focuses his practice on the legal …A man allegedly left to die on a road in Sydney's eastern suburbs yesterday has been identified as 28-year-old lawyer Mitch East. Mr East was a …View clerkship opportunities. Networking tips and tricks. Obtain soft skills to advance your career and land your first job. Advance your career. Success stories. Learn about Law graduates career paths. Read their stories. Undergraduate study. Gain the skills and knowledge to become in high demand for a wide range of careers.If you were in a car accident you should be searching for car accident lawyers. Lawyers that specialize in accidents will be able to assist you through the process. When you get in...Sep 10, 2019 · A lawyer (also called attorney, counsel, or counselor) is a licensed professional who advises and represents others in legal matters. Today’s lawyer can be young or old, male or female. Nearly one-third of all lawyers are under thirty-five years old. Almost half of the law students today are women, and women may ultimately be as numerous in ... Note: You can attend law school at any law school in Canada to become a lawyer in Ontario. Law school is a three-year Juris Doctor (JD) program. In the first year of law school (One L), the program is rigid, and you generally must take a course on legal research and writing and about six substantive law courses: Constitutional Law, …Mar 6, 2022 · There are several types of law degrees you can choose from when you decide on becoming a lawyer. The most common options are Bachelor of Laws (LLB), Juris Doctor (JD) and Bachelor of Civil Law (BCL). While there are differences between each degree program, they usually all include study in areas such as contracts, property law, criminal …Oct 10, 2023 · 2. Legal Education in Switzerland: To become a lawyer in Switzerland, one must complete a comprehensive legal education. This typically involves obtaining a law degree from a recognized Swiss university. Swiss universities offer various programs, including Bachelor of Law (LLB) and Master of Law (MLaw) degrees. 3.Jun 19, 2022 · A law firm partner’s average salary is $188,859 per year. Lawyer Career Path: Important Milestones. After passing the bar exam and acquiring state board licensing, law students become lawyers seeking employment in law firms and at government agencies. Obtaining work experience in the legal field is crucial for recent graduates. Licensing exams for accounting lawyers. The post-secondary journey for lawyers and accountants culminates with a rigorous qualifying examination—the bar exam for lawyers, and the CPA exam for accountants. To become a licensed accounting lawyer, you must pass both of them. CPA exam. The CPA exam is a requirement to become a …Mar 28, 2019 · Becoming a lawyer in California is one of the most difficult, and most rewarding, career choices you can make. California is notoriously one of the most difficult bars to obtain membership in, and the steps necessary to do so include earning multiple college degrees, taking entrance examinations, and submitting yourself to an in-depth background check.Jun 8, 2023 · Top 5 Reasons and Tips for Success. Being a lawyer requires a passion for the law, a desire to help others, empathy for clients and their problems, and the ability to work as part of a team. It also entails the ability to work in various cases simultaneously, understand and perform complex legal procedures, and explain to clients the ...Study Programme in Law. Stockholm University offers two tracts to becoming a lawyer practicing in Sweden. The most common track takes 4.5 years. There is a special track reserved for students who already hold a law degree from outside of Sweden which takes 2 years. Both require a high level of proficiency in Swedish.Dec 31, 2020 · One of the main routes to becoming a lawyer in Canada is doing a J.D. course in the country, but overseas lawyers can choose to pursue an LL.M. in Canadian common law. The core courses are specifically designed to meet the requirements of the Federation of Law Societies of Canada’s National Committee on Accreditation (NCA).Learn the steps to become a lawyer, from earning an undergraduate degree to passing the bar exam. Find out how long it takes, how much it costs …Mar 4, 2024 · The field of law has many passions and aspirations, and the precursors of this system include lawyers. Learn the processing steps to become a lawyer: Step 1: Make a Decision. Step 2: Qualification. Step 3: Apply for the Entrance Test. Step 4: Apply for Law School Admission. Step 5: After Admission in Law School. There are a number of methods that can help you prepare. In addition to her attorney mentors through the California Law Office Study Program, Kim Kardashian ...May 6, 2023 · Being a lawyer entails great competence, brilliance, and perseverance. Thus, someone aspiring to be called an “attorney” must endure many years of formal education. To become a lawyer, you have to complete the following: Earn a bachelor’s degree (at least four years) Finish law school (at least four years) Pass the bar exam (at least one ... While many married couples enjoy fairytale endings and lifelong marriages, some spouses end up trapped in what can feel like a never-ending nightmare. When all efforts to save a ma...Dustin S. McCrary is the founder of the Law Office of Dustin S. McCrary, PLLC based in Statesville, N.C.He focuses his practice on the legal …The LLB entrance exam is a crucial step in the process of becoming a lawyer. It is important to understand the requirements and be prepared to pass the exam in order to pursue a su...Pros of Being a Lawyer Infographic: 1. High Earning Potential and Financial Rewards. 2. Job Flexibility and Diverse Career Opportunities. Types of Law. 3. Work/Life Benefits of a Lawyer. Benefits Offered By Law Firms.Learn about the definition, duties, and requirements of becoming a lawyer in the United States. Find out how to hire a lawyer, what legalese means, …The Supreme Court of Washington on Friday approved several new ways for attorneys to become licensed that bypass the bar exam — adding …The regulation, agreed in negotiations with member states in December 2023, was endorsed by MEPs with 523 votes in favour, 46 against and 49 …The first step to becoming a lawyer in Ghana is to complete a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) degree from an accredited university. The LL.B. degree is typically a four-year program that covers a wide range of legal topics, including constitutional law, criminal law, civil law, and international law. 2. Pass the Ghana School of Law entrance exam.This article unveils a comprehensive, step-by-step approach to empower aspiring solicitors in navigating the complexities of contract review. Contract review is a critical facet of legal practice, requiring a nuanced understanding of legal language, terms, and clauses. It is akin to decoding a puzzle, where each piece contributes to the overall ... Present: The present route to qualification as a lawyer in the UK requires you to achieve a qualifying law degree. This involves making the right decision about where to study law at university . Once you have achieved your initial legal qualification, you must choose whether you want to complete the Bar Professional Training Course to qualify ... The result of this particular feature of law studies in Germany is that becoming a legally recognized lawyer is a difficult and time-consuming process. So how can I become a lawyer in Germany despite my overseas training? There is light at the end of the tunnel! In some cases, special rules apply, meaning that lawyers with an overseas …Mar 11, 2024 · The SQE is a system of qualification for solicitors in England and Wales to improve access to the profession introduced in 2021. To take the SQE, you still need a degree, but it doesn’t have to be in law. Following the SQE route, to qualify as a solicitor you will need to pass assessments 1 and 2 and do two years of qualifying work experience.For lawyers, accurate time-tracking is crucial, as it ensures that clients are properly charged for any billable hours. With time-tracking software, lawyers can record their hours ...To learn more about educational opportunities and requirements for lawyers, take a look at our Guide to Lawyer Education. Necessary Areas of Knowledge to Become a Lawyer. A law school education gives one the grounding they need to handle the serious responsibilities of a practicing attorney. These include the following topics: The U.S. Constitution4 days ago · Intellectual Stimulation. As a lawyer, you get to work on cases that require problem-solving skills and logical reasoning. You may have to research and analyze legal precedents, statutes and regulations to craft a persuasive argument for your client, which can be mentally stimulating and rewarding.Study Programme in Law. Stockholm University offers two tracts to becoming a lawyer practicing in Sweden. The most common track takes 4.5 years. There is a special track reserved for students who already hold a law degree from outside of Sweden which takes 2 years. Both require a high level of proficiency in Swedish.Aug 27, 2023 · Becoming a lawyer requires a significant amount of ambition, determination, and drive for success. Dreaming about being a lawyer may suggest that you have these qualities and a strong desire to achieve your goals. Your dream may be an indication that you are willing to work hard and overcome challenges to reach a position of success and influence.Eligibility. A person is qualified for admission as an advocate of the High Court, if he has:- practised as an advocate in the subordinate Courts in Pakistan for a period not less than two years, or. practised outside Pakistan as an advocate before any High Court specified on this behalf by the Pakistan Bar Council, or.There are a number of methods that can help you prepare. In addition to her attorney mentors through the California Law Office Study Program, Kim Kardashian ... Present: The present route to qualification as a lawyer in the UK requires you to achieve a qualifying law degree. This involves making the right decision about where to study law at university . Once you have achieved your initial legal qualification, you must choose whether you want to complete the Bar Professional Training Course to qualify ... Feb 27, 2024 · In order to become a successful lawyer, one should possess logical reasoning and critical thinking skills. Likewise, analytical skills are very important in all aspects, because it’ll help you analyze complex case laws, structure a multi-million dollar deal, or develop a trial strategy. Similarly, if you enjoy solving puzzles, doing research ...May 31, 2021 · The NCA assesses the qualifications of all internationally trained legal graduates, whether they are Canadian citizens who have earned their legal education abroad, newcomers to Canada with an overseas legal education, or people thinking of immigrating to Canada. Understand the NCA process. Find out if you qualify to apply to …Oct 18, 2023 · Becoming a patent lawyer requires dedication, perseverance, and a strong educational foundation. Here are the key steps involved: Earn a Bachelor’s Degree: Begin by completing an undergraduate degree in a relevant field such as engineering, computer science, or biology. While there are no specific degree requirements for law school admission, having a …2 days ago · The journey to become a lawyer in Florida is rigorous, but worthwhile, and typically takes up to seven years. First, you will need to complete a 4-year undergraduate degree, followed by a 3-year law degree. After completing the law program, you will have to pass the Bar Examination and a Professional Ethics exam in Florida and pass a background ...2 days ago · The journey to become a lawyer in Florida is rigorous, but worthwhile, and typically takes up to seven years. First, you will need to complete a 4-year undergraduate degree, followed by a 3-year law degree. After completing the law program, you will have to pass the Bar Examination and a Professional Ethics exam in Florida and pass a background ... The U.S. Army Judge Advocate General’s Corps, or JAG Corps, is a government law organization and one of the country’s largest law firms. It defends the Army and its Soldiers in all military legal matters. It provides important legal advice to senior Army officials. Its licensed attorneys and judges, called Judge Advocates, fight for justice ... A video shared by Punjab senior minister Marriyum Aurangzeb showed CM Maryam visiting different sections of the jail and planting a tree in the garden … ---1